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Whole of Government Strategies & Approaches
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whole-of-government (WofG) strategy or approach has public service ministries and agencies working across portfolio boundaries to achieve a shared goal and an integrated government response to specific issues. Approaches can be formal and informal. They can focus on policy development, program management and service delivery. WofG processes may be broadly and comprehensively applied, or may be highly specific, or targeted. WofG processes may be informal or formal. That is, they may either carry authority or consist of nothing more than a ‘gentlemen’s agreement’. In this survey, we define a whole of government approach as a decision and action plan that requires government ministries and their agencies and employees to coordinate their policies, programs and services. Other terms have been used to capture the same idea of WofG approaches. These include “joined-up government” actions and “horizontal management”. The term has been applied to a wide variety of social and economic programs and initiatives. A United Nations paper on WofG approaches notes that this harmonization of government efforts requires: strong leadership, policy and mandate coordination, the capacity to bring together all departments and key stakeholders, the appointment of a senior officials with authority on inter-ministry boundaries, the establishment of a coordinating body within government, the ability to overcome differences in visions, priorities and terminologies, interoperability of systems, personnel, funding mechanisms and more.
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