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Core Components of
Multi-Component Approaches, Infrastructure to Deliver Programs

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The Core Components of an approach or program are the common or shared infrastructure for delivering Multi-Component Approaches (MCAs) and Multi-Intervention Programs (MIPs).  The FRESH Framework has defined four components (macro-policy requiring coordinated approaches, education (classroom instruction and/or informal, extended education), a minimum set of integrated student services and essential conditions for the physical & social environment. The International School Health Network and this project separate the environmental components into Physical Environment & Resources and the Psycho-Social Environment and Supports. Other frameworks have defined their core components differently with some having as many as eight (Health Promoting Schools) or 12 components (Whole child, Whole School, Whole Community). The FRESH Framework is unique because it defines these core components as being the core delivery infrastructure for several multi-component approaches. A multi-component approach is different than a “whole school approach” which describes activities operating only at the school level, oftern done only by educators. The core components of an MCA are used to deliver multiple interventions and should, therefore, be considered as essential infrastructure supporting “multi-intervention programs” as well as individual interventions. Another source of confusion about MCAs stems from the use of the same terms (policy, services or education etc.) as coordinated or separate domains of a planning framework. This sometimes obscures the need to maintain a core, coordinated set of components.

This summary was first posted in June 2018 Currently it has been finalized as a "first edition" version.. We encourage readers to submit comments or suggested edits by posting a comment on the Mini-blog & Discussion Page for this section or posting a comment below:
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This summary was first posted in June 2012. Currently it has been posted as  a "rough draft/selected excerpts", "first draft" or subsequent drafts and first or revised edition" version. We encourage readers to submit comments or suggested edits by posting a comment on the Mini-blog & Discussion Page for this section or posting a comment here:

Due to the length of Handbook Sections (similar to a book chapter) prepared for this web site and knowledge exchange program, we post these documents as separate documents. Click on this web link to access the draft or completed version on this topic. Come back to this page to post any comments or suggestions. 

This summary was first posted in June 2012. Currently it has been posted as  a "rough draft/selected excerpts", "first draft" or subsequent drafts and first or revised edition" version. We encourage readers to submit comments or suggested edits by posting a comment on the Mini-blog & Discussion Page for this section or posting a comment here:

 Bibliography/Toolbox on
Key research, reports and resources on this topic are highlighted below.  Many of the topics in this web site also have extensive bibliographies/toolboxes (BTs) published as separate documents. Click on this web link to access the full version of our Bibliography/Toolbox on this topic. These lists use our outline for these collections that we have developed over several years of curating these materials.

Research	Reports, Resources
Understand the Approach/ Program & Its Effectiveness in Different Contexts on Different Aspects of HPSD, Populations How to Implement, Maintain, Scale Up, Sustain, Build Capacity, Leverage to Support Core Components. How to integrate within Education Systems Use of Ecological/ Systems Approach Research Questions/ KDE Agenda	Understand the Approach/ Program & Its Effectiveness in Different Contexts on Different Aspects of HPSD, Populations How to Implement, Maintain, Scale Up, Sustain, Build Capacity, Leverage to Support Core Components. How to integrate within Education Systems Use of Ecological/ Systems Approach Research Questions/ KDE Agenda

The following additional resources are posted on this web site or published by other credible sources. Please send any suggested additions to info@internationalschoolhealth.org

For updates and reader comments on this section, go to our Mini-Blog on Common Topics and Terms

For updates and reader comments on this section, go to our Mini-Blog on Common Topics & Terms

Here is our list of topics and sub-topics for this section:
- Introduction & Overview
- Education Equity, Inclusion & Success

• Whole Child Approach
• Broad Range of Learning Opportunities
• Cross-Curricular Competencies

- Multi-component Approaches (MCAs)

• Core Components
• Macro & Specific Policies
• Instruction & Extended Education
  - Education Promoting HPSD
  - H&LS/PSH Curricula & Instruction
  - Extended Education Activities
• Health, Social & Other Services
• Psycho-Social Environment & Supports

        - School Culture & Climate
          - Staff Wellness
          - Student Conduct & Discipline
          - Engaging/Empowering Youth
          - Parent Participation
          - Community Involvement/Ownership

• Physical Environment & Resources

- Multi-Intervention Programs (MIPs)

• How to Build a Multi-Intervention Program

- Single Interventions (Issue-Specific Programs, Policies, Services & Practices)

- Learning/Behaviour Models (LBMs)

- Behaviour & Learning Theories

- Government/Inter-Sector Actions/Levers

• Whole of Government Strategies
• National Action Plans
• Inter-Ministry Coordination
  - Inter-Ministry Agreements
  - Inter-Ministry Mechanisms
  - Joint Ministry Decision-making
  
• Inter-Agency Coordination
• Inter-Professional Coordination

- Workforce Development

• Workforce Planning in HPSD
• Teacher Education & Development
  - Early Childhood Educators
  - Primary School Teachers
  - Secondary PSHE Specialists
  - Home Economics Specialists
  - Physical Education Specialists
  - School Counsellors
  - School Psychologists
  - School Principals
• Preparing Other Professionals to Work with or within Schools
  - School Nurses
  - School Social Workers
  - School Resource (Police) Officers
  - Security/Civil Protection Guards
  - Teaching/Learning Assistants
  - School Administrative/Clerical Staff
  - School Maintenance Staff
  - Pastoral Counsellors
  - Community Volunteers & Elders
  - Emergency Relief Aid Workers
  - Development Aid Workers

- Systems Approaches

• A Systems Focused Paradigm
• Contextualizing Approaches & Programs
• Implement, Maintain, Scale Up & Sustain Programs & Approaches
• System & Organizational Capacities
• Integrate Within Education System Mandates, Concerns & Constraints
• Better Use of Systems Science & Organizational Development Tools

Writers, contributors, editors and presenters of the knowledge in these summaries include: