Monitoring & Reporting Systems (BT)This is a featured page

This page lists research references, reports and planning/educational resources for monitoring and reporting on school-based and school-linked health and social development programs. Between September 15 and December 15, 2009, members of an International Discussion Group were invited to comment on and edit the text of this list using the tools provided in this wiki-based web site. This version has been completed by the team of contributors and writer as a first edition. Readers are encouraged to add to this list by clicking on the "easy edit" tool found above. Readers can also comment on the list by using the discussion "thread" tool found at the bottom of the page. If you would like to comment on or make suggestions about the overall web site, click on the "Discussions" in the top navigation bar.


BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Bibliography: Monitoring & Reporting Systems (First Edition, December 2009)
Writer/Editor: Doug McCall, Coordinator, International School Health Network dmccall@internationalschoolhealth.org
Contributors:
  • Dr. Albert Lee, Director of Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Chinese University of Hong Kong
  • Christine Beyer, Health Education Consultant, Department of Education, South Carolina
  • Nancy Hudson, Coordinator, Health Education Assessment Project, Council of Chief State School Officer
  • Candace Currie OBE, Professor of Child & Adolescent Health, Director of CAHRU / HBSC International Co-ordinator
  • Vivian Barnekow, Child and Adolescent Health and Development, World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe
Sponsors and Partners: Division of Adolescent & School Health, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, USA and International Union for Health Promotion and Education
First Draft Posted for Discussion: September 15, 2009 First Edition Posted: December 15, 2009
Further Comments: This summary is "locked" and therefore edits to the text on the web page is no longer possible. Comments can continue to be made by clicking on the "thread" button at the bottom of the page or by using the Discussion feature in the top navigation bar.
Permissions for Use: The authors, writers, editors, contributors, sponsors, partners and the International School Health Network retain the right to first publish this document or adapted versions thereof in accordance with regular copyright laws. However, web links to this page and excerpts from this document are encouraged. As well, visitors to and participants in this wiki-based community are encouraged to add sub-pages or links to additional case studies or other documents and thereby become a contributor to this document.
Related Resources: Please see: Glossary Term (One paragraph) Encyclopedia Entry (2 pages), and Bibliography of Research & Resources Also see the wiki-based web site supporting an International Discussion Group on School Health Monitoring, Reporting and Evaluation (www.schoolhealthindicators.org)that includes reports, surveys and presentations from over 40 countries and states/provinces.
Download to Print Version
Monitoring & Reporting in Promoting Health, Learning & Social Development through Schools
Bibliography: Monitoring & Reporting Systems

The research references and the reports and resources are listed in accordance with the following outline:

A. Defining Monitoring & Reporting Systems (M&R is different than program evaluation, self-assessment tools, one-time or sporadic surveys)
A-1 Understanding the Problem: Research defining/describing the need for better M&R & Reports calling for Better M&R
A-2 Overview of Effective Approaches to Better M&R Systems: Research describing appropriate purposes and effective M&R systems & Resources for Developing Better School M&R Systems
A-3 Linkages between M&R Systems and other system/organizational capacities & concepts
A-4 Elements or aspects of M&R systems
A-5 General discussion of Strategies for implementation/Barriers to Use
A-6 Examples of use of the M&R system to report on the status or effectiveness of SH programs
A-7 Research & reports On the Status or Current Use of M&R Systems
B) Evidence & Examples of the Use of the Monitoring/Reporting in Improving SH Programs (Reviews, case studies & Examples)
B-1 On Health & Social Development Overall
B-2 On Specific Health and Social Problems/Behaviours or Protective Factors/Behaviours or Sub-Populations
B-3 On Learning and School Effectiveness
C) Evidence & Experience on how to Implement, sustain national/provincial/state and local monitoring & reporting systems
C-1 Relationship between M&R Systems and Use of Diffusion and Education Change Knowledge/Theory
C-2 Use of Capacity-Building Knowledge/Theory and Sustainability in implementing M&R systems
C-3 Consideration of Ecology and System Characteristics in Implementing M&R systems
C-4 Consideration of Community or Cultural Contexts in implementing M&R systems
D) Questions related to Future and Current Research About M&R systems
D-1 Major knowledge/practice/policy questions and draft or existing research agendas
D-2 Methodological Issues and Questions
D-3 Use of new data collection & analysis methods (beyond surveys, use of GIS, uses of technologies etc)


A. Defining Monitoring & Reporting

A-1 Understanding the Problem
Research Reports/Resources
Research defining or describing the need for better M&R
  • Allensworth, D., Lawson, E, Nicholson, L., Wyche, J. (eds). (1997). Schools and Health: Our Nation's Investment. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences.
  • St Leger L., Kobe LJ., Lee A., McCall D., Young I. School Health: - Achievements, Challenges and Priorities. In McQueen D., Jones C. Global Perspective on Health Promotion Effectiveness. Springer, New York, USA., 2007
  • West, P., Sweeting, H., Leyland , L. (2004). School effects on pupils' health behaviours: evidence in support of the health promoting school. Research Papers in Education 19:31, pp261-291
  • Clift S, Jensen BB, eds. (2005). The health promoting school: international advances in theory, evaluation and practice. Copenhagen, Danish University of Education Press.
  • Kolbe LJ (2005). A framework for school health programs in the 21st century. Journal of School Health, 75:226–228
  • Parsons C et al. (1996). The health-promoting school in Europe: conceptualising and evaluating the change. Health Education Journal, 55:311–321
 Reports calling for Better M&R Systems
  • Venkatesh M, Neeser K (2008) Monitoring and Evaluation of School-Based Health and Nutrition Programmes: A Participative Review Assessing the need for a generic framework and identifying good practices and limitations in existing resources London, Partnership for Children
  • American Bar Association (2000), Final Report, Bi Partisan Working Group on Youth Violence 106th Congress, February 2000, www.abanet.org/crimjust/juvjus/zerotolreport.html
  • Leschart M. (1999). Schools are overwhelmed by discipline problems. Canadian Press Newswire. April 26. (eg of misleading reports in media)
  • Gatehouse J. (2000). School-related violence on the rise in Canada. The National Post. February 11. (eg of misleading reports in media)
  • Finlay J. (2004). Healthy Schools: The Need for a Pan-Canadian School Health Strategy. Victoria, BC: BC Ministry of Health Services and Planning.
  • McCall DS. (2002). Understanding and Monitoring Youth Social Behaviours, Social Environments and Relevant School, Agency and Community Policies, Programs and Practices A Report on a Meeting of Experts, Officials and Practitioners, Analysis of Existing Ongoing Surveys and Recent Studies And Suggested Collaborative Actions to Collect and Share Data. Council of Ministers of Education, Canada, Justice Canada, Canadian Association of Principals
  • McCall, D., Beazley, R., Doherty-Poirier, M., Lavato, C., MacKinnon, D., Otis, J., Shannon, M. (1999). Schools, Public Health, Sexuality and HIV: A Status Report. Toronto, ON: Council of Ministers of Education, Canada.
  • McCall DS (2002) Developing indicators for health & learning. Actions for governments, school districts and health units. Ottawa, ON, Health Canada

Examples of Inaccurate media coverage and poor policy development due to lack of reliable, regular reports
  • Canadian Press. (1998). A Montreal teacher assaulted every four days, union finds. Canadian Press Newspaper. May 16.(eg of poor research)
  • Cloud J. (1999). The Columbine effect. Zero tolerance sounds like a good way to treat violence. Time-Canadian Edition. 154(23):53-54. (eg of poor policy development)




A-2 Overview of Effective Approaches to Better M&R Systems
Research describing appropriate purposes and overall approaches for M&R systems
  • Ader M et al (2004) Quality indicators for health promotion programs. Health Promotion International 16: 187-95
  • Deccache, A. (1997). Evaluating quality and effectiveness in the promotion of health: Approaches and methods of public health and social sciences. Promotion Education, Jun;4(2), 10-15
  • Earl, L., Fullan, M. (2003). Using data in leadership for learning. Cambridge Journal of Education, Nov;33(3), 384-394
  • Bauer, G., Davies, J. K., Pelikan, J., Noack, H., Broesskamp, U., Hill, C. et al. (2003). Advancing a theoretical model for public health and health promotion indicator development: Proposal from the EUHPID consortium. European Journal of Public Health, Sep;13(3 Suppl), 107-113
  • Ebbesen, L.S., Health, S., Naylor, P.J., Anderson, D. (2004). Issues in measuring health promotion capacity in Canada: A multi-province perspective. Health Promotional International, 19(1), 85-94
  • Zubrick, S.R. (2005). Context enrichment of health risk surveillance data for use and application: Conceptual considerations from an Australian perspective. Soz Praventivmed, 50(Suppl 1), S16-S24.
  • Lee A., Cheng F., St Leger L (2005a). Evaluating Health Promoting Schools in Hong Kong: The Development of a Framework. Health Promotion International, 20(2): 177-186
 Resources for Developing Better School M&R Systems
  • Barnekow V, Buijs G, Clift S, Paulus P, Rivett D, Young I (2006) Health promoting schools. A resource for developing indicators. WHO Regional Office for Europe, European Commission and Council of Europe
  • Council of Chief State School Officers (1998) Incorporating health related indicators in education accountability systems. Washington, DC
  • Darling-Hammond L, Ascher C (1991) Accountability mechanisms in big-city school systems. ERIC Digest New York, NY, ERIC Clearinghouse on Urban School Systems
  • McCall DS (2001) Data sources on health & learning available to the education and health sectors. An investigation into the possibilities of sharing. Toronto, ON, Council of Ministers of Education, Canada
  • Morgan A (2002) Inequalities, social capital and health. Introducing a new set of indicators for demonstrating success in the European Network of Health Promoting Schools. Copenhagen, ENHPS
  • Office of Educational Research & Innovations, (1991) Youth Indicators. Washington, DC, Department of Education
  • Office of Educational Research & Innovation (2001) Monitoring school quality. An indicators report. Washington, DC, Department of Education.
  • Rootman I et al (2001) Evaluation in health promotion: principles and perspectives. Copenhagen, WHO Regional Office for Europe
  • Shavelson RJ et al (1991) What are educational indicators and systems? ERIC Digest. Washington, DC, ERIC Clearinghouse on Educational Tests, Measurement & Evaluation
  • Shavelson RJ et al (1991) Steps in designing an indicator system. ERIC Digest. Washington, DC, ERIC Clearinghouse on Educational Tests, Measurement & Evaluation
  • Smith, WJ (1994) School-based indicators of performance. Montreal, QC, Office of Research on Educational Policy, McGill University
  • Steers D Parsons C (2002) Evaluation of a health promoting school: Steps to Success. Second Workshop on the Practice of Evaluation in Health Promoting Schools. European Network of Health Promoting Schools
  • Wilms SM, Gilbert L (1991) Healthy community indicators. Lessons from the social indicators movement. CHS Research Bulletin. January, UBC Centre for Human Settlements
  • Barnekow Rasmussen V, Rivett D (2005). Setting the scene. In: Third Workshop on Practice of Evaluation of the Health Promoting School – Concepts, Indicators and Evidence. Copenhagen, International Planning Committee, European Network of Health Promoting Schools: 8–12

A-3 Linkages to other system and organizational capacities & concepts
Research Reports/Resources



A-4 Elements or aspects of M&R systems
Research Reports/Resources
  • Roschnik, N. 2008. Monitoring School Health and Nutrition programs: Guidelines for program managers. Save the Children USA.
  • UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Education Indicators: Technical Guidelines.
  • Salganik L (2006) Health behaviours. The competence approach. From: Measuring the effects of education of health and civil engagement. An OECD Conference. Paris, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
  • Sprague JR, Sugar G, Horner R, Walker HM. (1999). Using office discipline referral data to evaluate school wide discipline and violence prevention interventions. OSSC Bulletin. 42(2):21 pages. ERIC Document.
  • Ontario Education (1991) Requirements for Reporting Attendance in Registers. Policy Memorandum 114, Toronto, ON, Author

A-5 General discussion of Strategies for implementation/Barriers to Use
Research Reports/Resources
  • McEwen N, Chow H (1991) Issues in implementing indicator systems. Alberta Journal of Educational Research. 37: 65-68
  • Black C, McGrail K, Fooks C, Baranek P, Maslove L (2005) Data, data everywhere. Improving access to population health and health services data in Canada. Centre for Health Policy & Research, Toronto, ON, Canadian Policy Research Networks



A-6 Examples of use of the M&R system to report on the status or effectiveness of SH programs
Research Reports/Resources
  • Austin, S.B., Fung, T., Cohen-Bearak, A., Wardle, K., Cheung, L.W.Y. (2006). Facilitating change in school health: A qualitative study of schools’ experiences using the School Health Index. Preventing Chronic Disease. Public Health Research, Practice and Policy. 3(2), 1-8.
  • Brener, N.D., Pejavara, A., Barrios, L.C., Crossett, L., Lee, S.M., McKenna, M., Michael, S., Wechsler, H. (2006). Applying the School Health Index to a nationally representative sample of schools. Journal of School Health, 76(2), 57-66
  • Grunbaum, J.A., Kann, L., Williams, B.I., Kinchen, S.A., Collins, J.L. Baumler, E.R., Kolbe, L.J. (2000). Surveillance for characteristics of health education among secondary schools – school health education profiles, 1998. MMWR CDC Surveil, 49(8), iv-41
  • Moglia, D., Smith, A., MacIntosh, D.L., Somers, J.L. (2006). Prevalence and implementation of IAQ programs in U.S. schools. Environ Health Perspec, 114(1), 141-146
  • Marshall, B., Sheehan, M., Northfield, J., Carlisle, R. and St. Leger, L. (2000) “School-based health promotion across Australia” Journal of School Health, 70:6 pp251 – 252
  • Lee, A., St Leger, L., Moon, A.S. (2005). Evaluating Health Promotion in Schools meeting the needs for education and health professionals: A case study of developing appropriate indictors and data collection methods in Hong Kong. Promotion and Education, 20(2): 177-186
  • Konu A and Lintonen T (2006) Theory-based survey analysis of well-being in secondary schools in Finland Health Promotion International 2006 21(1):27-36
  • Berry, M. (2002). Healthy School Environment and Enhanced Educational Performance. The Case of CharlesYoung Elementary School, Washington, DC.
  • Ringwalt, C.L., Ennett, S., Vincus, A., Thorne, J., Rohrback, L.A., Simons-Rudolph, A. (2002). The prevalence of effective substance use prevention curricula in U.S. middle schools. Prev Sci, 3(4), 257-265.
  • Crosswaite C, Currie C, Young I (1996). The European Network of Health Promoting Schools: development and evaluation in Scotland. Health Education Journal, 55:450–456
  • Kalnins I (2005). Case study 3: HPS evaluation in Latvia. In: Third Workshop on Practice of Evaluation of the Health Promoting School – Concepts, Indicators and Evidence. Copenhagen, International Planning Committee, European Network of Health Promoting Schools:46–48
  • Sullivan M. (1988). A Comparative Analysis of Dropout and non Dropouts in Ontario Secondary Schools. Toronto, ON. Ministry of Education. p.25.
  • Sprague JR, Sugar G, Horner R, Walker HM. (1999). Using office discipline referral data to evaluate school wide discipline and violence prevention interventions. OSSC Bulletin. 42(2):21 pages. ERIC Document.
  • Ontario Teachers' Federation (1991). Survey of teacher assault incidents in the years 1987-1988, 1988-1989,1989-1990. Toronto, Ontario: Author.
  • Research and Statistics Division. (nd). Children and Youth at Risk. Fact Sheet #5. Starting Early - The Key to Crime Prevention. Ottawa, ON. Justice Canada.
  • Ontario Education (1991) Requirements for Reporting Attendance in Registers. Policy Memorandum 114, Toronto, ON, Author
  • Mackie R (2001), Ontario plans report cards to help parents choose schools. The Globe & Mail, April 11
  • Donaldson EL (nd) A Comparative Study of Educational Policies and Effective School-Based Strategies to Reduce Violence in Schools, University of Calgary, http://www.education.ualberta.ca/educ/research/tri-fac/programs/comparative.html


A-7 Reports on the Status or Current Use of M&R Systems
Research Reports

  • Shannon M, McCall DS (2002) Schools as safe places to learn. Current Canadian practices in monitoring the safety of schools. Toronto, ON, Canadian Education Statistics Council
  • McCall, D., Beazley, R., Doherty-Poirier, M., Lavato, C., MacKinnon, D., Otis, J., Shannon, M. (1999). Schools, Public Health, Sexuality and HIV: A Status Report. Toronto, ON: Council of Ministers of Education, Canada (The surveys include questions on M&R activities)
  • Stephens T. (2006) Current Population Data on Child Youth Health in Canada. Prepared for a seminar on Data, Monitoring and Reporting on School Health Promotion, May 2006. Health & Learning Knowledge Centre, Canadian Council on Learning

B) Evidence & Examples of the Use of the Monitoring/Reporting in Improving SH Programs (Reviews, case studies & Examples)

B-1 On Health & Social Development Overall
Research Reports/Resources
  • L J Kolbe, L Kann, and J L Collins (1993) Overview of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Public Health Rep. 1993; 108(Suppl 1): 2–10
  • Austin, S.B., Fung, T., Cohen-Bearak, A., Wardle, K., Cheung, L.W.Y. (2006). Facilitating change in school health: A qualitative study of schools’ experiences using the School Health Index. Preventing Chronic Disease. Public Health Research, Practice and Policy. 3(2), 1-8
  • Tompkins, N.O., Kamal, K.M., Chapman, D. (2005). The West Virginia Health Education Assessment Project. Journal of School Health, 75(6), 193
  • Mitchell, I., Laforet-Fliesser, Y., Camiletti, Y. (1997). Use of the healthy school profile in the Middlesex-London, Ontario, schools. Journal of School Health, Apr;67(4), 154-156.
  • Moon A.M., Mullee M.A., Rogers L., Thompson R.L., Speller V. and Roderick P. (1999) Helping schools to become health-promoting environments – an evaluation of the Wessex Healthy Schools Award. Health Promotion International, 14:111-122
  • Lee A., Cheng F., Yuen H., Ho M., Lo A., Leung T., Fung Y. Achieving good standard of Health Promoting Schools: Preliminary analysis after one year implementation of Hong Kong Healthy Schools Award Scheme. Public Health 2007; 121: 752-760.
  • Greves HM, Rivara FP (2006) Report card on school snack food policies among the United States' largest school districts in 2004-2005: room for improvement.Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2006 Jan 3;3:1.

  • Centers for Disease Control, (2007) School Health Policies and Programs Study, Atlanta, GA
  • McCreary Centre Society. (1998). Adolescent Health Survey II. Burnaby, BC. Author.
  • Boyce W, King AJC, King M. (1999). Trends in the Health of Canadian Youth. Ottawa, ON. Health Canada, Childhood and Youth Division.


B-2 On Specific Health and Social Problems/Behaviours or Protective Factors/Behaviours or Sub-Populations
Research Reports/Resources

Sexual & Reproductive Health. HIV. STI
 Nutrition
Hygiene & Sanitation, Infections Physical Activity Helminith Control
Equity/Disparities/Social Determinants/Poverty
Substance Abuse
Hygiene/Sanitation
School Safety
  • Walker GS. (1994). Weapons Use in Canadian Schools, Ottawa, ON. Solicitor-General.
  • U.S. Department of Education. (nd). Crime and Violence in our Schools. An Overview of Statistics. Washington, DC. http://www.ed.gov/updates/fact-209.html
  • Todd KH, Kellerman AL, Wald M, Lipscomb L, Fajman N. (1996). An Evaluation of Proposed School Safety Indicators for Georgia. Emory Center for Injury Control, Council for School Performance. ERIC Document ED411591
  • Statistics Canada. (1993). General Social Survey on Personal Risk, Ottawa, ON. Author.
  • Safe Schools Task Force Report (1994). A Survey of Ontario School Employees. Toronto, ON, Ministry of Education
  • Saskatchewan Teachers' Federation (1994), A Survey of the Abuse of Teachers. Regina, SK, Author
  • National Center on Education Statistics. (1998). Two Recent Government Reports on Violence, Crime and Discipline in U.S. Schools: How Do They Compare. Washington, DC. Author.
  • National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. (nd). Youth Violence in the United States. Atlanta, GA. Centers for Disease Control. http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/dvp/yvfacts.htm.
  • National Centre on Crime Prevention. (1995). A Picture of Crime in Canada. Ottawa, ON. Author.
  • National Center for Education Statistics. (1995). Student victimization at school. Statistics in Brief. October.
  • National Center for Education Statistics. (1998). Appendix A. School practices and policies related to safety and discipline. Found in Indicators of School Crime and Safety. Washington, DC.
  • National Center on Education Statistics. (1998). Compendium of Indicators of School Crime and Safety. Washington, DC. Author.
  • Kaufman P, Chen X, Choy SP, Ruddy SA, Miller AK, Fleury JK, Chandler KA, Rand MR, Klaus P, Planty MG. (2000). Indicators of School Crime and Safety. U.S. Department of Education. U.S. Department of Justice.\
  • Gomes JT, Bertrand LD, Paetsch JJ, Hornick JP. (2000). The Extent of Youth Victimization, Crime and Delinquency in Alberta. Edmonton, AB. Canadian Research Institute for Law and the Family.
  • Education Testing Service. (1999). School Disorder: Levels and Trends. Author.
    www.ets.org/research/pic/orderclass/olcchap2.html.
  • Auditor-General BC. (1999). A Performance Audit of the School System’s Role in Fostering a Safe Learning Environment. Victoria, BC. Author.
  • Auditor-General of British Columbia. (2000). Fostering A Safe Learning Environment: How the British Columbia School System is Doing. Victoria, BC. Author.
  • Canadian Centre on Justice Statistics. (1994). Canadian Crime Statistics. Ottawa, ON. Author.
  • Day D, Golench C, MacDougal J, Beals-Gonzalez C. (1995). School-based Violence Prevention in Canada: Results of a National Survey of Policies and Programs. Ottawa, ON. Justice Canada.
  • Craig WM, Peters RD, Konarski R. (1998). Bullying and Victimization Among Canadian School Children. Ottawa, ON. Human Resources Development Canada, Applied Research Branch. (Led to national strategy)
  • Wall, D (1996) Northwest Territories School Relationships Survey, Yellowknife, NWT, NWT Department of Education and NWT Teachers Association
Indigenous Populations

  • Auer, A. M., Andersson, R. (2001). Canadian aboriginal communities: A framework for injury surveillance. Health Promotion International, Jun;16(2), 169-177.

B-3 On Learning and School Effectiveness
Research Reports/Resources
  • Tompkins, N.O., Kamal, K.M., Chapman, D. (2005). The West Virginia Health Education Assessment Project. Journal of School Health, 75(6), 193
  • Berry, M. (2002). Healthy School Environment and Enhanced Educational Performance. The Case of CharlesYoung Elementary School, Washington, DC.
  • Edmond (1992), The development and use of educational indicators systems, Education Canada, 32 (4), 9-19
  • Hay DI (2006) Grounding in a broader framework of health determinants. From: Measuring the effects of education of health and civil engagement. An OECD Conference. Paris, Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development
  • Lindahl R (2007) The role of organizational climate and culture in the school improvement process. A review of the knowledge base. National Council of Professors of Educational Administration
  • Schneider M (2002) Do School Facilities Affect Academic Outcomes? Washington, DC, National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities
  • Scheerens J (2000) Improving school effectiveness. Paris, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
School Climate
School Dropouts. Effectiveness

C) Evidence on how to Implement, sustain national/provincial/state and local monitoring & reporting systems

C-1 Relationship between M&R Systems and Use of Diffusion and Education Change Knowledge/Theory
Research Reports/Resources


C-2 Use of Capacity-Building Knowledge/Theory and Sustainability in implementing M&R systems
Research Reports/Resources
  • De Salazar, L., (2005). Building capacity for risk factor surveillance in developing countries. A new approach. Soz Praventivmed, 50(Suppl 1), 533-537
  • Warren, R. (2005). Building capacity for risk factor surveillance in developed countries: The need for a vision-driven approach: Lessons learned from the Canadian experience. Soz.Praventivmed, 50(Suppl1), S25-S30
  • Mitchell, I., Laforet-Fliesser, Y., Camiletti, Y. (1997). Use of the healthy school profile in the Middlesex-London, Ontario, schools. Journal of School Health, Apr;67(4), 154-156.

C-3 Consideration of Ecology and System Characteristics in Implementing M&R systems
Research Reports/Resources


ResearchReports/Resources
  • Alberta Alcohol & Drug Abuse Commission. (2003). An Overview of Risk and Protective Factors. The Alberta Youth Experience Survey 2002. Edmonton, AB: Author.


C-4 Consideration of Community or Cultural Contexts in implementing M&R systems
Research Reports/Resources


D Questions related to Future and Current Research About M&R systems

D-1 Major knowledge/practice/policy questions and draft or existing research agendas
Research Reports/Resources




D-2 Methodological Issues and Questions
Research Reports/Resources
  • olkit for monitoring health systems strengthening Measurement and indicators for monitoring the health system building blocks. World Health Organization
  • Service Availability Mapping (SAM) A public health mapping tool, using HealthMapper, to monitor basic availability of health services, including infrastructure, human resources, and priority health services World Health Organization
  • Black C, McGrail K, Fooks C, Baranek P, Maslove L (2005) Data, data everywhere. Improving access to population health and health services data in Canada. Centre for Health Policy & Research, Toronto, ON, Canadian Policy Research Networks
  • Shannon M, McCall DS (2001) The feasibility of collaboration in collecting and sharing data on youth social behaviours, environments and relevant school/community programs. Ottawa, ON, Justice Canada, Council of Ministers of Education, Canada



D-3 Use of new data collection & analysis methods (beyond surveys, use of GIS, uses of technologies etc)
Research Reports/Resources




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