Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, which vary in severity and frequency from person to person. During an asthma attack, the lining of the bronchial tubes swells, causing the airways to narrow and reducing the flow of air into and out of the lungs. The causes of asthma are not completely understood. However, risk factors for developing asthma include inhaling asthma “triggers”, such as allergens, tobacco smoke and chemical irritants. Asthma cannot be cured, but appropriate management can control the disorder and enable people to enjoy a good quality of life.

The environment of the school can make it more or less difficult for students with asthma. Uncontrolled asthma is a leading cause of school absenteeism and may limit children's learning opportunities. Uncontrolled asthma also causes many nights of interrupted sleep, several days of limited activity, and disruptions in normal activities of life. The majority of children with asthma are able to lead a normal life if appropriate medications and environmental control strategies are used. Periodically, some children with asthma will experience an attack or episode of asthma symptoms. The condition is rarely fatal but should not be underestimated. More children are admitted to hospital with asthma than any other chronic condition. It is also a leading cause of emergency room visits.

In responding to asthma, schools can play these important roles:

• Establish a process toidentify students with asthma.
• Allow students with asthmaeasy access to (fast-acting) inhalers.
• Establish a school-wide process forhandling worsening asthma.
• Identify and reduce commonasthma triggerswithin the school environment.
• Encourage students with asthma toparticipate in school activities, especially physical activities,to the best of their abilities.
• Provide school personnel, parents and the student bodyopportunities to learnaboutasthma.
• Collaboratewith families, health care professionals and school personnel to create asthma friendly schools.